To load both dev extensions is definitely wrong because php5 and apache2-mod-php5 are
not related. You should only load apache2-mod-php5-dev if you want to use it with the apache module. I included the suhosin extension which compiled and worked well with the apache2-mod-php5-dev files, so without any other information I don't know what's causing your problem
I see that the last version of php-screw is nearly 3 years old, maybe you should ask the maintainer, whether it's compatible to php 5.3 (which is quite new). Otherwise provide information like php error logs, apache error logs, ldd *.so and the output of configure/make.